AANA February 2025 Journal Course: Prevention and Management of Hypoxemia During Anesthesia Induction In the Neonate and Small Infant-Prevention and Management of Hypoxemia During Anesthesia Induction In the Neonate and Small Infant

Prevention and Management of Hypoxemia During Anesthesia Induction In the Neonate and Small Infant

Pdf Summary

The February 2025 edition of the AANA Journal features a course focused on preventing and managing hypoxemia in neonates and infants during anesthesia induction. Neonates and infants are highly susceptible to hypoxemia due to developmental differences in airway anatomy, high oxygen consumption, and low functional residual capacity. This course aims to educate readers on identifying the factors contributing to hypoxemia, understanding neonatal airway anatomy and respiratory physiology, exploring equipment and management strategies to minimize hypoxemia, and examining the usage of cognitive aids and difficult airway algorithms.<br /><br />Key risk factors contributing to hypoxemia include difficult tracheal intubations, high oxygen consumption, low lung compliance, and certain autonomic responses. The AANA Journal Course emphasizes the importance of advanced preparation for anesthesia induction, appropriately sized equipment, and simulation training to improve skill levels in managing neonatal airways. <br /><br />It also underscores the necessity of calling for assistance early and implementing advanced airway techniques when needed. Equipment innovations such as Microcuff ETTs, video laryngoscopy, and supraglottic airways have shown promising results in improving intubation success rates and patient outcomes. <br /><br />Guidelines from entities like the American Society of Anesthesiologists and the European Society of Anaesthesiology highlight the importance of cognitive aids and checklists during anesthesia procedures to mitigate risks associated with difficult airways. These guidelines focus on limiting direct laryngoscopy attempts and utilizing various advanced airway techniques effectively.<br /><br />The course concludes with recommendations for ongoing education, routine simulation training, efficient use of cognitive aids, and adequate preparation for anesthetic procedures in neonates and infants to reduce the incidence of hypoxemia and its associated risks.

Keywords

hypoxemia

neonates

infants

anesthesia

airway management

cognitive aids

simulation training

Microcuff ETTs

video laryngoscopy

difficult airway algorithms